C4isr is an acronym, which stands for Command, control, communications, computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and reconnaissance. These are essentially the elements which are combined together to create a system to support the defense intelligence. Various nations are beginning to realize the futility of hand-to-hand combat as it has hardly been a quick decoder in a fight. Instead, sharp intelligence information coupled with quick decision making at the command center often makes the paradigm – hit where it hurts most, possible.

As getting information from deep insider enemy boundaries can be a risky affair, the ISR efforts are usually conducted by robots or machines operated from a remote location. These machines can also be used to conduct focused attacks within the locations, situated deep within Enemy boundaries. Of course, right location information is needed to make such attacks successful, which are obtained by ISR using various detecting devices. All these devices produce data, which is processed by computers and passed on to the decision makers in command and control locations. Finally, a decision is made to whether conduct an operation using pilotless drones or with soldiers. Thus, C4isr makes its important contribution towards defense intelligence.

Communication is an important item in the C4isr strategy, any lack of it can cause a major bottleneck into the entire exercise. The data can be wrong which can lead to error in decision making and hence the subsequent activities can be significantly derailed from their original objective. For example, in an AirSea battle doctrine, common data sharing is a key to its success in defense intelligence. The AirSea battle concept had long been championed by both Air Force and Navy but its lukewarm results have mostly been attributed to lack of processes on sharing the intelligence data.

The modern wars are becoming more and more specialized in nature. The war at sea and air are becoming important to decide the fate of the conflicts. The role of the Air Force in Iraq War is a shining example of role of Air warfare. Thus, a seamless collaboration on C4isr amongst various arms becomes the order of the day. It is critical for the forces of a nation as well as friendly nations to share the defense intelligence data they gather through different mechanism so that they can beat the rival armies with ease and with loss of minimum levels. The data-sharing concept has already been effectively seen to be applied by NATO in humanitarian missions in Japan during the 2011 earthquake and while Libyan war.
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