As a common pipe material, carbon steel pipe has the advantages of high strength, good corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance, and are widely used in various fields. However, even with such excellent performance, carbon steel pipes may still have freezing cracking problems under certain circumstances.

Temperature of carbon steel pipe frozen cracking
The tolerance temperature of ordinary carbon steel pipes at low temperatures is generally between -29°C and -46°C. This range is the result of the combined influence of multiple factors such as carbon content, alloy element addition, and cold treatment method. Carbon steel pipes are prone to freezing cracking at temperatures below -20°C. This is because when the temperature is too low, the moisture inside the carbon steel pipe will form an ice layer, which will cause the pipe to freeze and crack during the intensified cooling process.

Causes of frozen cracking of carbon steel pipes
In low temperature environments, especially when the temperature drops below -20°C, the moisture inside the carbon steel pipe begins to form an ice layer. As the temperature drops further, the ice layer gradually thickens, exerting increasing pressure on the pipe wall. When this pressure exceeds the bearing capacity of the carbon steel pipe, the pipe will freeze and crack. In addition, defects such as rust or damage on the surface of the pipe will also accelerate the freezing of water, thereby aggravating the occurrence of freezing cracking.

Measures to prevent freezing cracking of carbon steel pipes
In order to avoid freezing cracking of carbon steel pipes in low temperature environments, the following measures can be taken:
1. Select suitable materials: When using carbon steel pipes in low temperature environments, special materials such as low-temperature carbon steel pipes or alloy steel pipes with better anti-freezing cracking performance should be selected.
2. Control the temperature of the liquid in the pipeline: Through heating or insulation measures, ensure that the temperature of the liquid in the pipeline is not lower than the freezing point, thereby preventing the occurrence of freezing and freezing cracking.
3. Regularly maintain the pipeline: Regularly check and repair defects such as rust or damage on the surface of the pipeline to slow down the freezing speed of water and reduce the risk of freezing cracking.
4. Take insulation measures: In low temperature environments, the temperature gradient on the surface of the pipeline can be reduced by insulating the pipeline, thereby slowing down the freezing speed of internal water and avoiding the occurrence of freezing cracking.

Summary
In summary, although carbon steel pipes have excellent low temperature resistance, freezing cracking may still occur under extreme low temperature conditions. To ensure the safe operation of the pipeline, appropriate precautions must be taken and the operating status of the pipeline must be closely monitored.